Ukuhlaziya "luhlaza" kwiibhotile zeplastiki
I-PET (i-PolyEthylene Terephthalate) yenye yeeplastiki ezisetyenziswa kakhulu. Ine-ductility elungileyo, ukukhanya okuphezulu kunye nokhuseleko oluhle. Ihlala isetyenziselwa ukwenza iibhotile zesiselo okanye ezinye izinto zokupakisha ukutya. . Kwilizwe lam, i-rPET (i-PET esetyenzisiweyo, iplastiki ye-PET esetyenzisiweyo) eyenziwe ngeebhotile zesiselo esisetyenzisiweyo ingaphinda isetyenziswe kwiimoto, kwiikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla nakwezinye iindawo, kodwa ngoku ayivumelekanga ukuba isetyenziswe ekupakisheni ukutya. Ngo-2019, ubunzima beebhotile ze-PET ezisetyenzisiweyo kwilizwe lam bafikelela kwi-4.42 yezigidi zeetoni. Nangona kunjalo, i-PET ithatha ubuncinane amakhulu eminyaka ukuba ibole ngokupheleleyo phantsi kweemeko zendalo, ezisa umthwalo omkhulu kwimekobume kunye noqoqosho.
Ukususela kumbono wezoqoqosho, ukulahla ukupakishwa kweplastiki emva kokusetyenziswa kwexesha elilodwa kuya kulahlekelwa yi-95% yexabiso layo lokusetyenziswa; ngokwembono yokusingqongileyo, kuya kukhokelela ekuncitshisweni kwesivuno sezityalo, ungcoliseko lolwandle kunye nezinye iingxaki ezininzi. Ukuba iibhotile zeplastiki ze-PET ezisetyenzisiweyo, ngakumbi iibhotile zesiselo, zihlaziywa ukuze ziphinde zisetyenziswe, kuya kubaluleka kakhulu kukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, uqoqosho, uluntu kunye neminye imiba.
Idatha ibonisa ukuba izinga lokuphinda lisetyenziswe kwiibhotile zesiselo se-PET kwilizwe lam lifikelela kwi-94%, apho ngaphezu kwe-80% ye-rPET ingena kwishishini lefayibha ehlaziyiweyo kwaye isetyenziselwa ukwenza iimfuno zemihla ngemihla ezifana neengxowa, iimpahla, kunye ne-parasols. Ngapha koko, ukubuyisela iibhotile zesiselo se-PET kwi-rPET yebakala lokutya akunakunciphisa kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwe-PET enyulu kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo engahlaziyekiyo njengepetroleum, kodwa ikwanyusa inani lemijikelo ye-rPET ngokusebenzisa ubuchwephesha besayensi kunye nobungqongqo bokucwangcisa, ukwenza ukhuseleko lwayo Sele ibonakalisiwe kwamanye amazwe.
Ukongeza ekungeneni kwinkqubo yokurisayikilisha, inkunkuma yelizwe lam iibhotile zesiselo se-PET zihamba ikakhulu kwiindawo zokucocwa kwenkunkuma yokutya, iindawo zokulahla inkunkuma, amaziko ombane wokutshisa inkunkuma, iilwandle nakwezinye iindawo. Nangona kunjalo, ukugalelwa komhlaba kunye nokutshiswa kwenkunkuma kunokukhokelela kungcoliseko lomoya, umhlaba kunye namanzi aphantsi komhlaba. Ukuba inkunkuma iyancitshiswa okanye inkunkuma eninzi ihlaziywa ngokutsha, uxanduva lokusingqongileyo kunye neendleko zinokucuthwa.
I-PET ehlaziyiweyo inokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-carbon dioxide nge-59% kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla nge-76% xa kuthelekiswa ne-PET eyenziwe kwi-petroleum.
Ngo-2020, ilizwe lam lenze ukuzinikela okuphezulu ekukhuselweni kwendalo kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi: ukufezekisa injongo ye-carbon ephezulu ngaphambi kwe-2030 kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ngaphambi kowama-2060. Okwangoku, ilizwe lethu liye lazisa inani lemigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo kunye nemilinganiselo yokukhuthaza uhlaza olubanzi. inguqu kuphuhliso loqoqosho nentlalo. Njengenye yeendlela ezisebenzayo zokuphinda zisetyenziswe kwiiplastiki zenkunkuma, i-rPET inokudlala indima ekukhuthazeni ukuhlola kunye nokuphucula inkqubo yokulawula inkunkuma, kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu into ebalulekileyo ekukhuthazeni ukufezekiswa kwenjongo "yekhabhoni ephindwe kabini".
Ukhuseleko lwe-rPET yokupakishwa kokutya lungundoqo
Okwangoku, ngenxa yeempawu zokusingqongileyo ze-rPET, amazwe amaninzi kunye nemimandla yehlabathi jikelele iye yavumela ukusetyenziswa kwayo ekupakisheni ukutya, kwaye i-Afrika iyakukhawulezisa ukwanda kwayo kwemveliso. Nangona kunjalo, kwilizwe lam, iplastiki ye-rPET ayinakusetyenziswa okwangoku kwipakethe yokutya.
Akukho kunqongophala kweefektri ze-rPET zodidi lokutya kwilizwe lethu. Ngapha koko, ilizwe lethu lelona lizwe likhulu kwihlabathi lokurisayikilisha kunye nendawo yokusetyenzwa kweplastiki. Ngo-2021, umthamo webhotile yesiselo se-PET welizwe lam uya kusondelelana ne-4 yezigidi zeetoni. Iplastiki ye-rPET isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizithambiso zokugqibela eziphezulu, ukupakishwa kwemveliso yokhathalelo lomntu, iimoto kunye namanye amacandelo, kunye nebakala lokutya le-rPET lithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle.
"Ingxelo" ibonisa ukuba i-73.39% yabathengi bathatha inyathelo lokuqala lokuphinda basebenzise okanye basebenzise kwakhona iibhotile zesiselo ezilahliweyo kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla, kwaye i-62.84% yabathengi babonisa iinjongo ezintle zokuphinda kusetyenziswe i-PET ekutyeni. Ngaphezulu kwe-90% yabathengi bavakalise inkxalabo malunga nokhuseleko lwe-rPET esetyenziswa kwizinto zokupakisha ukutya. Ingabonwa ukuba abathengi baseTshayina ngokubanzi banesimo sengqondo esilungileyo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe-rPET ekupakisheni kokutya, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ukhuseleko luyimfuneko eyimfuneko.
Ukusetyenziswa kokwenyani kwe-rPET kwibala lokutya kufuneka kusekwe kuvavanyo lokhuseleko kunye nohlolo lwangaphambili nasemva komsitho kwelinye icala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kulindeleke ukuba uluntu lonke lusebenze kunye ukukhuthaza ngokudibeneyo ukusetyenziswa kwexabiso eliphezulu le-rPET kunye nokukhuthaza ngakumbi uphuhliso loqoqosho lwesetyhula.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-25-2024